Peptides

PACAP (1-38), amide, human, ovine, rat

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  • Cat.Number : AS-22519
  • Availability :
    In stock

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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide/secretin/glucagon family, has an amino acid sequence identity of 68% with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). PACAP38, derived from a 176-amino acid precursor (preproPACAP), is a 38-amino acid peptide discovered as an ovine hypothalamic neuropeptide. The amino acid sequence of PACAP is identical in all mammals, and in species such as chicken, frog, salmon, only 1–3 amino acids are different. It is abundant in both the central and peripheral nervous systems and exerts a variety of effects. PACAP in pancreatic islets may play a parasympathetic and sensory neurotransmitter role. PACAP stimulates insulin secretion from islets in a glucose-dependent manner at femtomolar concentrations, acting as an insulinotropic factor. PACAP and VIP are two multifunctional neuropeptides modulating innate and adaptive immunity. VIP/PACAP protect T cells from activation-induced cell death through down-regulation of Fas ligand. PACAP immunoreactivity has been shown in nerve fibers innervating the intrapancreatic ganglia as well as the islets of Langerhans in pancreas. PACAP (1-38) is more active than VIP in stimulating adenylate cyclase (EC50=7 nM).

Specifications

Chemistry
Sequence one letter code
  • HSDGIFTDSYSRYRKQMAVKKYLAAVLGKRYKQRVKNK-NH2
Sequence three letter code
  • H-His-Ser-Asp-Gly-Ile-Phe-Thr-Asp-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Arg-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Ala-Ala-Val-Leu-Gly-Lys-Arg-Tyr-Lys-Gln-Arg-Val-Lys-Asn-Lys-NH2
CAS registry number
  • 124123-15-5
Molecular Formula
  • C203H331N63O53S
Molecular Mass/ Weight
  • 4534.5
Modification
Conjugation
  • Unconjugated
Quantity & Purity
Purity
  • Peak Area by HPLC ≥95%
Storage & stability
Form
  • Lyophilized
Storage Conditions
  • - 20 °C
Activity
Biomarker Target
Research Area
Sub-category Research Area
Usage
  • Research use
Source
Source / Species
  • human, ovine, rat

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Citations

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor exon IV expression through the VPAC1 receptor in the amphibian melanotrope cell

Endocrinology . 2008 May 01 ; 149(8) 4177 | DOI : 10.1210/en.2008-0131

  • A. Kidane

Actions of PACAP and VIP on melanotrope cells of Xenopus laevis

Peptides . 2007 Mar 30 ; 28(9) 1790 | DOI : 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.03.013

  • A. Kidane

Stress peptide PACAP engages multiple signaling pathways within the carotid body to initiate excitatory responses in respiratory and sympathetic chemosensory afferents

Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. . 2013 Apr 17 ; 304(12) R1070 | DOI : 10.1152/ajpregu.00465.2012

  • A. Roy