C-Peptide, human - 0.5 mg
- Cat.Number : AS-61127
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C-peptide is cleaved from proinsulin, stored in secretory granules, and eventually released into the bloodstream in amounts equimolar with those of insulin. The measurement of the C-peptide is an important test for the β-cell function. In the red blood cells of type 2 diabetic patients, Na+,K+ ATPase activity is strongly related to blood C-peptide levels. C-peptide signal transduction in human renal tubular cells involves the activation of phospholipase C and PKC-d and PKC-varepsilon, as well as RhoA, followed by phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK and a parallel activation of Akt. C-peptide shows specific binding to a G-protein-coupled membrane binding site, resulting in Ca2+ influx, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathways and stimulation of Na+, K+ ATPase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
Pyroglutamyl (pGlu) peptides may spontaneously form when either Glutamine (Q) or Glutamic acid (E) is located at the sequence N-terminus. The conversion of Q or E to pGlu is a natural occurrence and in general it is believed that the hydrophobic γ-lactam ring of pGlu may play a role in peptide stability against gastrointestinal proteases. Pyroglutamyl peptides are therefore considered a normal subset of such peptides and are included as part of the peptide purity during HPLC analysis.
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References
C-peptide stimulates ERK1/2 and JNK MAP kinases via activation of protein kinase C in human renal tubular cells
Diabetologia . 2004 Dec 29 ; 48(1) 187 | DOI : 10.1007/s00125-004-1602-5
- Z. Zhong
- et al
C-peptide, Na+,K+-ATPase, and Diabetes
Exp Diabesity Res . 2003 Jun 01 ; 5 37 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.1080/15438600490424514
- P. Vague
- et al
Estimation of Insulin Secretion Rates from C-Peptide Levels: Comparison of Individual and Standard Kinetic Parameters for C-Peptide Clearance
Diabetes . 1992 Mar 01 ; 41(3) 368 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.41.3.368
- E. Van Cauter
Role of C-peptide in human physiology
Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab . 2000 May 01 ; 278(5) E759 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.5.E759
- J. Wahren
- et al